Cerebral palsy: elements of current orthopaedic care
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69133/aoth.v77i2.538Keywords:
cerebral palsy; spasticity; musculoskeletal pathology; muscle contracture; diagnostic matrix; deformity prevention; orthopaedic interventions; minimally invasive operative techniques; goal setting, quality of lifeAbstract
Cerebral palsy is a permanent neurological disorder characterized by static central nervous system injury and progressive musculoskeletal adaptations that impair motor development. The interaction between neurological deficits and evolving orthopaedic changes requires continuous assessment to guide treatment. A structured diagnostic approach, incorporating neurological and orthopaedic examinations, comorbidity evaluation, laboratory testing, and standardized functional scales, is essential for accurate prognosis and individualized care. Deformities in cerebral palsy often worsen with growth, driven not only by spasticity but also by adaptive changes in muscle tissue, highlighting the need for preventive rather than solely reconstructive orthopaedic interventions. Recent insights into muscle pathology support minimally invasive surgical strategies that align with the dynamic nature of the disorder. This review explores the relationship between central nervous system injury, musculoskeletal development, and treatment planning in children with cerebral palsy, emphasizing tailored, timely, and multidisciplinary interventions.
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