The effects of Clinical Pilates exercises on patients with chronic low back pain: a systematic review
Keywords:
clinical Pilates, chronic low back pain, physiotherapy, systematic review.
Abstract
LBP can be characterized as a common disorder, with serious complications to a patient’s life, as seen in clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to perform a systematic review of all the previous studies, in order to examine and clarify the impact of Clinical Pilates exercises on CLBP and to investigate any benefits of Pilates to CLBP patients. Eighteen randomized controlled trial articles were included. Each Pilates exercise regime was heterogenic, concerning its frequency and duration. Clinical heterogeneity was apparent in the RCT studies, a fact that was proven by the contrasting conditions, frequency, and duration of either the Pilates or the normal intervention. The study’s outcomes indicate that Pilates as a therapeutic exercise method is exceeding typical intervention for pain relief up to an extent. Even though it was observed that Pilates-based regime combined with typical exercise regime can enhance pain relief process, it is should be noted that it is not the norm. Pilates exercise can be characterized as fairly more effective comparing typical physiotherapy treatment as far as disability reduction is concerned, and can provide equal advantages to minimal intervention.
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References
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6. Lin H-TT, Hung W-CC, Hung J-LL, Wu P-SS, Liaw L-JJ, Chang J-HH. Effects of pilates on patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review. J Phys Ther Sci [Internet]. 2016/10/28. 2016 Oct [cited 2021 Nov 27];28(10):2961–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27821970
7. Choi BKL, Verbeek JH, Tam WWS, Jiang JY. Exercises for prevention of recurrences of low‐back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2010;(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006555.pub2
8. Owen PJ, Miller CT, Mundell NL, Verswijveren SJJM, Tagliaferri SD, Brisby H, et al. Which specific modes of exercise training are most effective for treating low back pain? Network meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2020 Nov;54(21):1279–87.
9. Eliks M, Zgorzalewicz-Stachowiak M, Zeńczak-Praga K. Application of Pilates-based exercises in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain: state of the art. Postgrad Med J [Internet]. 2019 Jan [cited 2021 Nov 27];95(1119):41–5. Available from: https://pmj.bmj.com/content/95/1119/41.abstract
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11. Posadzki P, Lizis P, Hagner-Derengowska M. Pilates for low back pain: a systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2011 May;17(2):85–9.
12. Aladro-Gonzalvo AR, Araya-Vargas GA, Machado-Díaz M, Salazar-Rojas W. Pilates-based exercise for persistent, non-specific low back pain and associated functional disability: a meta-analysis with meta-regression. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013 Jan;17(1):125–36.
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15. Lim ECW, Poh RLC, Low AY, Wong WP. Effects of Pilates-based exercises on pain and disability in individuals with persistent nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Feb;41(2):70–80.
16. Miyamoto GC, Costa LOP, Cabral CMN. Efficacy of the Pilates method for pain and disability in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis [Internet]. Vol. 17, Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy. 2013 [cited 2021 Nov 27]. p. 517–32. Available from: https://www.scielo.br/j/rbfis/a/jWnTgbKxVMdfdY3XQN6DBtg/abstract/?lang=en
17. Wells C, Kolt GS, Marshall P, Bialocerkowski A. Indications, benefits, and risks of pilates exercise for people with chronic low back pain: A delphi survey of pilates-trained physical therapists. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Nov 27];94(6):806–17. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/94/6/806/2735579
18. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Rev Esp Nutr Humana y Diet [Internet]. 2016 Jan 1 [cited 2021 May 4];20(2):148–60. Available from: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero
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20. Cruz-Díaz D, Martínez-Amat A, Osuna-Pérez MC, De La Torre-Cruz MJ, Hita-Contreras F. Short- and long-term effects of a six-week clinical Pilates program in addition to physical therapy on postmenopausal women with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil [Internet]. 2016 Jun 18 [cited 2021 Nov 27];38(13):1300–8. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09638288.2015.1090485
21. da Luz MA, Costa LOP, Fuhro FF, Manzoni ACT, Oliveira NTB, Cabral CMN. Effectiveness of Mat Pilates or Equipment-Based Pilates Exercises in Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2014 May 1 [cited 2021 Nov 27];94(5):623–31. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article/94/5/623/2735567
22. Gagnon LH. Efficacy of Pilates Exercises as Therapeutic Intervention in Treating Patients with Low Back Pain. Knoxv Univ Tennessee [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2021 Nov 26];Doctoral Dissertations 1948. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss
23. Miyamoto GC, Costa LOP, Galvanin T, Cabral CMN. Efficacy of the addition of modified Pilates exercises to a minimal intervention in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2013 Mar [cited 2021 Nov 27];93(3):310–20. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/93/3/310/2735293
24. Quinn K, Barry S, Barry L. Do patients with chronic low back pain benefit from attending Pilates classes after completing conventional physiotherapy treatment? Physiother Pract Res [Internet]. 2011 Jan 1 [cited 2021 Nov 26];32(1):5–12. Available from: https://content.iospress.com/articles/physiotherapy-practice-and-research/ppr32-1-02
25. Rydeard R, Leger A, Physical DS-J of orthopaedic & sports, 2006 U. Pilates-based therapeutic exercise: effect on subjects with nonspecific chronic low back pain and functional disability: a randomized controlled trial. jospt.org [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2021 Nov 27];36(7):472–84. Available from: https://www.jospt.org/doi/abs/10.2519/jospt.2006.2144
26. Franco KM, Franco Y dos S, Oliveira NB de, Miyamoto GC, Santos MO, Liebano RE, et al. Is Interferential Current Before Pilates Exercises More Effective Than Placebo in Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain?: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil [Internet]. 2017 Feb [cited 2021 Nov 27];98(2):320–8. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003999316311583
27. Natour J, Cazotti L de A LA, Ribeiro LH, Baptista AS, Jones A, … LR-C, et al. Pilates improves pain, function and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil [Internet]. 2015 Jan 17 [cited 2021 Nov 27];29(1):59–68. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269215514538981?casa_token=HC8wJNkvwdsAAAAA:PcweiuhcaB2w6U2llB0dxZJQAq0KXDcLVVhPPM1psmPSDR_xinvPv41UrDmzybOdWTFt2tokWqbP
28. Gladwell V, Head S, Haggar M, Beneke R. Does a program of pilates improve chronic non-specific low back pain? J Sport Rehabil [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2021 Nov 27];15(4):338–50. Available from: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jsr/15/4/article-p338.xml
29. Borges J, Baptista AF, Santana N, Souza I, Kruschewsky RA, Galvão-Castro B, et al. Pilates exercises improve low back pain and quality of life in patients with HTLV-1 virus: a randomized crossover clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2014 Jan;18(1):68–74.
30. da Fonseca JL, Magini M, de Freitas TH. Laboratory gait analysis in patients with low back pain before and after a pilates intervention. J Sport Rehabil. 2009 May;18(2):269–82.
31. Rajpal N, Arora M, J C. A study on efficacy of Pilates & Pilates & Mckenzie exercises in postural low back pain—a rehabilitative protocol. Physiother Occup Ther J [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2021 Nov 27];1(1):33–56. Available from: https://103.11.86.97/subscription/upload_pdf/tj4_283.pdf
32. Yang CY, Tsai YA, Wu PK, Ho SY, Chou CY, Huang SF. Pilates-based core exercise improves health-related quality of life in people living with chronic low back pain: A pilot study. J Bodyw Mov Ther [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Nov 27];27:294–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1360859221000565?casa_token=UWtdltKJXlUAAAAA:1v12eBv3uQOW1AHb_XLgLtflamiDn8jm8cbclNE-uYsz7h4B10wwk88A1r9Ri7STP-EfdMy5SA
33. Miyamoto GC, Ferro K, Franco M, van Dongen JM, Rafael Y, Franco S, et al. Different doses of Pilates-based exercise therapy for chronic low back pain: a randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation. Br J Sports Med [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Nov 27];52(13):859–68. Available from: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/52/13/859.abstract
34. Marshall PWMM, Kennedy S, Brooks C, Lonsdale C. Pilates exercise or stationary cycling for chronic nonspecific low back pain: does it matter? a randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) [Internet]. 2013 Jul [cited 2021 Nov 27];38(15):E952-9. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/spinejournal/FullText/2013/07010/Pilates_Exercise_or_Stationary_Cycling_for_Chronic.14.aspx?casa_token=NxmNpeFi5GkAAAAA:EWHZvcwZ87u3yaHj6UjMrabcGmPjgsYPakxmWNjLdrmQhB1LilIeRN9EY9y4KAvPH8C2LYi2q0ELGhgMo7fbBDrhQsu8pfi2i_2EEcY
35. Bhadauria EA, Gurudut P. Comparative effectiveness of lumbar stabilization, dynamic strengthening, and Pilates on chronic low back pain: Randomized clinical trial. J Exerc Rehabil [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Nov 27];13(4):477–85. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc5667628/
36. Mostagi FQRC, Dias JM, Pereira LM, Obara K, Mazuquin BF, Silva MF, et al. Pilates versus general exercise effectiveness on pain and functionality in non-specific chronic low back pain subjects. J Bodyw Mov Ther [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Nov 27];19(4):636–45. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1360859214001958?casa_token=WCIcboaIr78AAAAA:qXgdJLcRLZ6j0_XMTfgRKR0-RXyG3Zqt0dYqe0ubBeHMIxRImW2ANQVRvqJz-wsTcpvc-yc9HQ
37. Wajswelner H, Metcalf B, Exerc KB-MSS, 2012 undefined, Bennell K. Clinical pilates versus general exercise for chronic low back pain: randomized trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc [Internet]. 2012 Jul [cited 2021 Nov 27];44(7):1197–205. Available from: https://www.academia.edu/download/39806784/Clinical_Pilates_versus_General_Exercise20151108-21954-12scphu.pdf
38. Wells C, Kolt GS, Marshall P, Bialocerkowski A. The definition and application of pilates exercise to treat people with chronic low back pain: A delphi survey of australian physical therapists. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Nov 27];94(6):792–805. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/94/6/792/2735563
39. Ostelo RWJG, de Vet HCW. Clinically important outcomes in low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Aug;19(4):593–607.
40. Ostelo RWJG, Deyo RA, Stratford P, Waddell G, Croft P, Von Korff M, et al. Interpreting change scores for pain and functional status in low back pain: towards international consensus regarding minimal important change. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Jan;33(1):90–4.
2. Taimela S, Kujala UM, Salminen JJ, Viljanen T. The prevalence of low back pain among children and adolescents. A nationwide, cohort-based questionnaire survey in Finland. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1997 May;22(10):1132–6.
3. Balagué F, Troussier B, Salminen JJ. Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors. Eur spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc. 1999;8(6):429–38.
4. Spyropoulos P, Papathanasiou G, Georgoudis G, Chronopoulos E, Koutis H, Koumoutsou F. Prevalence of low back pain in greek public office workers. Pain Physician. 2007 Sep;10(5):651–9.
5. Allegri M, Montella S, Salici F, Valente A, Marchesini M, Compagnone C, et al. Mechanisms of low back pain: a guide for diagnosis and therapy. F1000Research [Internet]. 2016 Jun 28;5:F1000 Faculty Rev-1530. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27408698
6. Lin H-TT, Hung W-CC, Hung J-LL, Wu P-SS, Liaw L-JJ, Chang J-HH. Effects of pilates on patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review. J Phys Ther Sci [Internet]. 2016/10/28. 2016 Oct [cited 2021 Nov 27];28(10):2961–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27821970
7. Choi BKL, Verbeek JH, Tam WWS, Jiang JY. Exercises for prevention of recurrences of low‐back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev [Internet]. 2010;(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD006555.pub2
8. Owen PJ, Miller CT, Mundell NL, Verswijveren SJJM, Tagliaferri SD, Brisby H, et al. Which specific modes of exercise training are most effective for treating low back pain? Network meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2020 Nov;54(21):1279–87.
9. Eliks M, Zgorzalewicz-Stachowiak M, Zeńczak-Praga K. Application of Pilates-based exercises in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain: state of the art. Postgrad Med J [Internet]. 2019 Jan [cited 2021 Nov 27];95(1119):41–5. Available from: https://pmj.bmj.com/content/95/1119/41.abstract
10. Bialocerkowski A, Wells C, Kolt GSG, … PM-B medical, 2013 undefined, Marshall P, et al. Effectiveness of Pilates exercise in treating people with chronic low back pain: a systematic review of systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol [Internet]. 2013 Jan [cited 2021 Nov 27];13:7. Available from: http://epworth.intersearch.com.au/epworthjspui/handle/11434/299
11. Posadzki P, Lizis P, Hagner-Derengowska M. Pilates for low back pain: a systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2011 May;17(2):85–9.
12. Aladro-Gonzalvo AR, Araya-Vargas GA, Machado-Díaz M, Salazar-Rojas W. Pilates-based exercise for persistent, non-specific low back pain and associated functional disability: a meta-analysis with meta-regression. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2013 Jan;17(1):125–36.
13. Pereira LM, Obara K, Dias JM, Menacho MO, Guariglia DA, Schiavoni D, et al. Comparing the Pilates method with no exercise or lumbar stabilization for pain and functionality in patients with chronic low back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil [Internet]. 2012 Jan [cited 2021 Nov 27];26(1):10–20. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269215511411113?casa_token=1LAUV_qyDgMAAAAA:R_0jvO3bvw6Jzs41-XquuT4dpOqQmDIgTf0WJheIo4_pj-Y7nCAyRZVEIFJOLSg7o1-wBSq_YOcY
14. Wells C, Kolt GS, Marshall P, Hill B, Bialocerkowski A. The effectiveness of pilates exercise in people with chronic low back pain: A systematic review. Vol. 9, PLoS ONE. Public Library of Science; 2014.
15. Lim ECW, Poh RLC, Low AY, Wong WP. Effects of Pilates-based exercises on pain and disability in individuals with persistent nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Feb;41(2):70–80.
16. Miyamoto GC, Costa LOP, Cabral CMN. Efficacy of the Pilates method for pain and disability in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain: A systematic review with meta-analysis [Internet]. Vol. 17, Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy. 2013 [cited 2021 Nov 27]. p. 517–32. Available from: https://www.scielo.br/j/rbfis/a/jWnTgbKxVMdfdY3XQN6DBtg/abstract/?lang=en
17. Wells C, Kolt GS, Marshall P, Bialocerkowski A. Indications, benefits, and risks of pilates exercise for people with chronic low back pain: A delphi survey of pilates-trained physical therapists. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Nov 27];94(6):806–17. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/94/6/806/2735579
18. Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, et al. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Rev Esp Nutr Humana y Diet [Internet]. 2016 Jan 1 [cited 2021 May 4];20(2):148–60. Available from: http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero
19. Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ [Internet]. 2021;372. Available from: https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n71
20. Cruz-Díaz D, Martínez-Amat A, Osuna-Pérez MC, De La Torre-Cruz MJ, Hita-Contreras F. Short- and long-term effects of a six-week clinical Pilates program in addition to physical therapy on postmenopausal women with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Disabil Rehabil [Internet]. 2016 Jun 18 [cited 2021 Nov 27];38(13):1300–8. Available from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09638288.2015.1090485
21. da Luz MA, Costa LOP, Fuhro FF, Manzoni ACT, Oliveira NTB, Cabral CMN. Effectiveness of Mat Pilates or Equipment-Based Pilates Exercises in Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2014 May 1 [cited 2021 Nov 27];94(5):623–31. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article/94/5/623/2735567
22. Gagnon LH. Efficacy of Pilates Exercises as Therapeutic Intervention in Treating Patients with Low Back Pain. Knoxv Univ Tennessee [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2021 Nov 26];Doctoral Dissertations 1948. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss
23. Miyamoto GC, Costa LOP, Galvanin T, Cabral CMN. Efficacy of the addition of modified Pilates exercises to a minimal intervention in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2013 Mar [cited 2021 Nov 27];93(3):310–20. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/93/3/310/2735293
24. Quinn K, Barry S, Barry L. Do patients with chronic low back pain benefit from attending Pilates classes after completing conventional physiotherapy treatment? Physiother Pract Res [Internet]. 2011 Jan 1 [cited 2021 Nov 26];32(1):5–12. Available from: https://content.iospress.com/articles/physiotherapy-practice-and-research/ppr32-1-02
25. Rydeard R, Leger A, Physical DS-J of orthopaedic & sports, 2006 U. Pilates-based therapeutic exercise: effect on subjects with nonspecific chronic low back pain and functional disability: a randomized controlled trial. jospt.org [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2021 Nov 27];36(7):472–84. Available from: https://www.jospt.org/doi/abs/10.2519/jospt.2006.2144
26. Franco KM, Franco Y dos S, Oliveira NB de, Miyamoto GC, Santos MO, Liebano RE, et al. Is Interferential Current Before Pilates Exercises More Effective Than Placebo in Patients With Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain?: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil [Internet]. 2017 Feb [cited 2021 Nov 27];98(2):320–8. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003999316311583
27. Natour J, Cazotti L de A LA, Ribeiro LH, Baptista AS, Jones A, … LR-C, et al. Pilates improves pain, function and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil [Internet]. 2015 Jan 17 [cited 2021 Nov 27];29(1):59–68. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0269215514538981?casa_token=HC8wJNkvwdsAAAAA:PcweiuhcaB2w6U2llB0dxZJQAq0KXDcLVVhPPM1psmPSDR_xinvPv41UrDmzybOdWTFt2tokWqbP
28. Gladwell V, Head S, Haggar M, Beneke R. Does a program of pilates improve chronic non-specific low back pain? J Sport Rehabil [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2021 Nov 27];15(4):338–50. Available from: https://journals.humankinetics.com/view/journals/jsr/15/4/article-p338.xml
29. Borges J, Baptista AF, Santana N, Souza I, Kruschewsky RA, Galvão-Castro B, et al. Pilates exercises improve low back pain and quality of life in patients with HTLV-1 virus: a randomized crossover clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2014 Jan;18(1):68–74.
30. da Fonseca JL, Magini M, de Freitas TH. Laboratory gait analysis in patients with low back pain before and after a pilates intervention. J Sport Rehabil. 2009 May;18(2):269–82.
31. Rajpal N, Arora M, J C. A study on efficacy of Pilates & Pilates & Mckenzie exercises in postural low back pain—a rehabilitative protocol. Physiother Occup Ther J [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2021 Nov 27];1(1):33–56. Available from: https://103.11.86.97/subscription/upload_pdf/tj4_283.pdf
32. Yang CY, Tsai YA, Wu PK, Ho SY, Chou CY, Huang SF. Pilates-based core exercise improves health-related quality of life in people living with chronic low back pain: A pilot study. J Bodyw Mov Ther [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Nov 27];27:294–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1360859221000565?casa_token=UWtdltKJXlUAAAAA:1v12eBv3uQOW1AHb_XLgLtflamiDn8jm8cbclNE-uYsz7h4B10wwk88A1r9Ri7STP-EfdMy5SA
33. Miyamoto GC, Ferro K, Franco M, van Dongen JM, Rafael Y, Franco S, et al. Different doses of Pilates-based exercise therapy for chronic low back pain: a randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation. Br J Sports Med [Internet]. 2018 Jul [cited 2021 Nov 27];52(13):859–68. Available from: https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/52/13/859.abstract
34. Marshall PWMM, Kennedy S, Brooks C, Lonsdale C. Pilates exercise or stationary cycling for chronic nonspecific low back pain: does it matter? a randomized controlled trial with 6-month follow-up. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) [Internet]. 2013 Jul [cited 2021 Nov 27];38(15):E952-9. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/spinejournal/FullText/2013/07010/Pilates_Exercise_or_Stationary_Cycling_for_Chronic.14.aspx?casa_token=NxmNpeFi5GkAAAAA:EWHZvcwZ87u3yaHj6UjMrabcGmPjgsYPakxmWNjLdrmQhB1LilIeRN9EY9y4KAvPH8C2LYi2q0ELGhgMo7fbBDrhQsu8pfi2i_2EEcY
35. Bhadauria EA, Gurudut P. Comparative effectiveness of lumbar stabilization, dynamic strengthening, and Pilates on chronic low back pain: Randomized clinical trial. J Exerc Rehabil [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2021 Nov 27];13(4):477–85. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc5667628/
36. Mostagi FQRC, Dias JM, Pereira LM, Obara K, Mazuquin BF, Silva MF, et al. Pilates versus general exercise effectiveness on pain and functionality in non-specific chronic low back pain subjects. J Bodyw Mov Ther [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2021 Nov 27];19(4):636–45. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1360859214001958?casa_token=WCIcboaIr78AAAAA:qXgdJLcRLZ6j0_XMTfgRKR0-RXyG3Zqt0dYqe0ubBeHMIxRImW2ANQVRvqJz-wsTcpvc-yc9HQ
37. Wajswelner H, Metcalf B, Exerc KB-MSS, 2012 undefined, Bennell K. Clinical pilates versus general exercise for chronic low back pain: randomized trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc [Internet]. 2012 Jul [cited 2021 Nov 27];44(7):1197–205. Available from: https://www.academia.edu/download/39806784/Clinical_Pilates_versus_General_Exercise20151108-21954-12scphu.pdf
38. Wells C, Kolt GS, Marshall P, Bialocerkowski A. The definition and application of pilates exercise to treat people with chronic low back pain: A delphi survey of australian physical therapists. Phys Ther [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2021 Nov 27];94(6):792–805. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/ptj/article-abstract/94/6/792/2735563
39. Ostelo RWJG, de Vet HCW. Clinically important outcomes in low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Aug;19(4):593–607.
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Published
2022-09-28
Section
Young Scientists Pages
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